Global Governance Programme

Department of Political Science, University of Waterloo

PSCI 490 (UW)

GGOV 658/PSCI 685 (UW)

Special Topics: Arctic Governance

Winter 2012

Instructors:

Dr. P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Dr. James Manicom

9:30-12:30 Fridays

Classroom: ML 212

This course examines the challenges posed to global governance by evolving geopolitics in the Arctic region. The complexity of the issues of climate change, overlapping boundary claims, and classic and evolving inter-state rivalries are juxtaposed against the concerns of multiple subnational and transnational actors such as indigenous groups, local governments and multinational corporations. The course encourages students to examine the utility of existing paradigms of security, international law and global governance, including from an historical perspective.

It is a senior level and graduate topic. Students will be expected to attend every class and arrive prepared to discuss the material. Lecturers will be expected to provide insightful and engaging context setting commentary, but it will be the students that determine the direction of discussions. Lecturers will be available for consultation by students.

Manicom Office Hours: Friday 1:00-2:30 pm (BSIA)

Lackenbauer Office Hours: Thursday, 11:30-12:30 (SJU 3008); Friday, 1:00-2:30 pm (SJU 3008)

Course Requirements:

Seminar Participation 50%

Research Paper (20-30 pages) 40%

Research Presentation 10%

Seminar Schedule:

1. Introduction (Jan. 6)

Frédéric Beauregard-Tellier, “The Arctic: Hydrocarbon Resources.” Library of Parliament, Parliamentary Information and Research Service Publication PRB 08-07E. 24 October 2008. http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/LOP/researchpublications/prb0807-e.htm.

Natalie Mychajlyszyn, “The Arctic: Geopolitical Issues.” In The Arctic: Canadian and International Perspectives. Library of Parliament InfoSeries. October 2008. 1–5. http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/LOP/researchpublications/prb0806-e.htm.

Oran R. Young, Creating Regimes: Arctic Accords and International Governance. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1998. Ch. 1. On reserve.

Oran R. Young, and Mark A. Levy. “The Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes.” In The Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes: Causal Connections and Behavioral Mechanisms edited by Oran R. Young. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 1999. Available online through Primo.

Supplemental readings

Olav Schram Stokke, “International Institutions and Arctic Governance.” In International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building, edited by Olav Schram Stokke and Geir Honneland, 164-85. London: Routledge, 2007.

2. Setting the Context (Jan. 13)

Ken Coates, Whitney Lackenbauer, William Morrison, and Greg Poelzer. Arctic Front: Defending Canada’s Interests in the Far North. Toronto: Thomas Allen, 2008, ch. 1 & 2. On reserve.

Bankes, Nigel D. “Forty Years of Canadian Sovereignty Assertion in the Arctic, 1947-87.” Arctic 40, no. 4 (1987): 285-91. http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic40-4-285.pdf.

Griffiths, Franklyn. “The Arctic in the Russian Identity.” In The Soviet Maritime Arctic. Edited by Lawson W. Brigham. London: Belhaven Press, 1991. OR Caitlyn L. Antrim, "The Next Geographical Pivot: The Russian Arctic in the Twenty-First Century," Naval War College Review (Summer 2010), http://www.usnwc.edu/getattachment/f8217b41-afd2-4649-8378-7b6c8a7e61d2/The-Next-Geographical-Pivot--The-Russian-Arctic-in.

Supplemental readings

David L. Larson, “United States Interests in the Arctic Region.” Ocean Development and International Law 20 (1989): 167–91.

Donat Pharand, “The Arctic Waters and the Northwest Passage: A Final Revisit.” Ocean Development and International Law 38, nos. 1–2 (2007): 3–69.

3. From the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy to the Arctic Council (Jan. 20)

Oran R. Young, “Governing the Arctic: From Cold War Theatre to Mosaic of Cooperation.” Global Governance 11 (2005): 9–15. Available online through Primo.

Oran R. Young, Creating Regimes: Arctic Accords and International Governance (Cornell UP, 1998),ch. 2 & 5. On reserve.

Rob Huebert, “New Directions in Circumpolar Cooperation: Canada, the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy, and the Arctic Council.” Canadian Foreign Policy 5, no. 2 (Winter 1998): 37–58. Available online through Primo.

Supplemental readings

David VanderZwaag, Rob Huebert, and Stacey Ferrara. “The Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy, Arctic Council and Multilateral Environmental Initiatives: Tinkering While the Arctic Environment Totters.” In The Law of the Sea and Polar Maritime Delimitation and Jurisdiction, edited by Alex G. Oude Elferink and Donald R. Rothwell, 225-48. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2001.

Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT). The Northern Dimension of Canada’s Foreign Policy. Ottawa: 2000.

4. UNCLOS and Maritime Boundaries (Jan. 27)

Alex G. Oude Elferink and Constance Johnson, “Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf And “Disputed Areas”: State Practice Concerning Article 76(10) of the LOS Convention.” International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 21, no. 4 (2006): 461-87. Available online through Primo.

Donald McRae, “Arctic Sovereignty? What is at Stake,” Behind the Headlines 64:1 (2007). http://www.opencanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/BTH_vol64_no11.pdf.

Jacob Verhoef and Dick MacDougall. “Delineating Canada’s Continental Shelf According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.” Ocean Sovereignty 3, no. 1 (2008): 1–6.

Ted McDorman, Salt Water Neighbours: International Ocean Law Relations between the United States and Canada (Oxford UP, 2009), 9-34, 79-114, 181-90. On reserve.

Sergei Lavrov and Jonas Gahr Støre. “Canada, Take Note: Here’s How to Resolve Maritime Disputes.” Globe and Mail, 21 September 2010. A17. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/canada-take-note-heres-how-to-resolve-maritime-disputes/article1715307/

Reference:

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf

Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/clcs_home.htm

R. R. Churchill, and A. V. Lowe. The Law of the Sea. 3rd ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999.

Michael Byers, Who Owns the Arctic? Understanding Sovereignty Disputes in the North. Toronto: Douglas & McIntyre, 2009.

5. An Arctic Race? (Feb. 3)

Max Delany, “Gas and Glory Fuel Race for the Pole.” Moscow Times, 27 July 2007. http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/gas-and-glory-fuel-race-for-the-pole/195431.html.

Doug Struck, “Russia's Deep-Sea Flag-Planting at North Pole Strikes a Chill in Canada.” Washington Post, 7 August 2007. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2007/08/06/AR2007080601369.html.

Louise Johncox, “We’re in Meltdown,” The Guardian. 23 August 2007. 12.

Scott Borgerson, “Arctic Meltdown: The Economic and Security Implications of Global Warming.” Foreign Affairs 87, no. 2 (March/April 2008). 63–77. Available online through Primo.

Rob Huebert, The Newly Emerging Arctic Security Environment. Calgary: Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute, 2010. http://www.cdfai.org/PDF/The%20Newly%20Emerging%20Arctic%20Security%20Environment.pdf.

Supplemental readings

“The Arctic Contest Heats Up.” The Economist, 9 October 2008. http://www.economist.com/world/europe/PrinterFriendly.cfm?story_id=12381767.

Ariel Cohen, Lajos F. Szaszdi, and Jim Dolbow. “The New Cold War: Reviving the Us Presence in the Arctic.” Backgrounder, no. 2202 (2008), www.heritage.org/Research/EnergyandEnvironment/bg2202.cfm.

Oran R. Young, “Whither the Arctic? Conflict or Cooperation in the Circumpolar North.” Polar Record 45, no. 1 (2009): 73–82 and “Whither the Arctic 2009? Further Developments.” Polar Record 45, no. 2 (2009): 179–81.

6. Climate Change (Feb. 10)

Sheila Watt-Cloutier, “Connectivity: The Arctic—The Planet.” Speech at Oslo Sophie Prize Ceremony. 15 June 2005. http://www.sophieprize.org/Articles/23.html

Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), Impacts of a Warming Arctic (ACIA Overview Report) (Cambridge UP, 2004), available online at: http://amap.no/acia/

ACIA Scientific Report (Cambridge UP, 2006), online at: http://www.acia.uaf.edu/pages/scientific.html. Read the following chapters:

· Chapter 4: Future Climate Change: Modeling and Scenarios (pp. 99-150)

· Chapter 17: Climate Change in the Context of Multiple Stressors and Resilience (pp. 945-988)

· Chapter 18: Summary and Synthesis of the ACIA (pp. 989-1020)

Homer-Dixon, Thomas. “Climate Change, The Arctic, and Canada: Avoiding Yesterday’s Analysis of Tomorrow’s Crisis.” In Securing Canada’s Future in a Climate-Changing World. Ottawa: National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy, 2008. 89–101. http://www.homerdixon.com/download/climate_change_the_arctic_and_canada.pdf

Supplemental readings

ACIA Scientific Report (Cambridge UP, 2006), online at: http://www.acia.uaf.edu/pages/scientific.html. Read the following chapters:

· Any one of chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, or 14 that interest you

· Chapter 15: Human Health (pp. 863-906)

· Chapter 16: Infrastructure: Buildings, Support Systems, and Industrial Facilities (pp. 907-944)

Rob Huebert, “Climate Change and Canadian Sovereignty in the Northwest Passage,” Isuma: Canadian Journal of Policy Research 2, no. 4 (2001): 86–94. http://cpmss.synergiesprairies.ca/cpmss/index.php/cpmss/article/view/18/15

7. The Geopolitics of Transit (Feb. 17)

Franklyn Griffiths, “The Shipping News: Canada’s Arctic Sovereignty Not on Thinning Ice.” International Journal 58, no. 2 (2003): 257–82. Available online through Primo.

Rob Huebert, “The Shipping News Part II: How Canada’s Arctic Sovereignty Is on Thinning Ice.” International Journal 58, no. 3 (2003): 295–308. Available online through Primo.

James Kraska, “The Law of the Sea Convention and the Northwest Passage,” International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 22, no. 2 (2007): 257–81. Available online through Primo.

Supplemental readings

Michael Byers and Suzanne Lalonde. “Who Controls the Northwest Passage?” Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 42 (2009): 1133–210.

Franklyn Griffiths, “Canadian Arctic Sovereignty: Time to Take Yes for an Answer on the Northwest Passage.” In Northern Exposure: Peoples, Powers and Prospects for Canada’s North. Edited by Frances Abele, Thomas J. Courchene, F. Leslie Seidle, and France St-Hilaire. Ottawa: Institute for Research on Public Policy, 2009. 107-36. http://www.irpp.org/books/archive/AOTS4/griffiths.pdf

Frédéric Lasserre, “High North Shipping: Myths and Realities about Arctic Shipping Routes.” In Security Prospects in the High North: Geostrategic Thaw of Freeze? Edited by Sven G. Holtsmark and Brooke A. Smith-Windsor. Rome: NATO Research Division, 2009. 179–99. http://www.ndc.nato.int/download/publications/fp_07.pdf

Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment 2009 Report. Available online at: http://pame.arcticportal.org/images/stories/PDF_Files/AMSA_2009_Report_2nd_print.pdf

8. Unpacking Sovereignty: “National Interests,” Aboriginal Rights, and Stewardship (Mar. 2)

ACIA Scientific Report (Cambridge UP, 2006), online at: http://www.acia.uaf.edu/pages/scientific.html. Read the following chapters:

· Chapter 3: Changing Arctic: Indigenous Perspectives (pp. 61-98 - read 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7; and in section 3.4, pick one of the indigenous case studies to read carefully and skim the others)

· Chapter 10: Principles of Conserving the Arctic’s Biodiversity (pp. 539-596 - sections 10.1, 10.3.3, 10.3.4, 10.5.4, 10.5.5)

· Chapter 12: Hunting, Herding, Fishing and Gathering: Indigenous Peoples and Renewable Resource Use in the Arctic (pp. 649-690 - read, 12.1, 12.2, 12.4, and in section 12.3 pick one of the indigenous case studies to read carefully and skim the others)

Paul Kaludjak, “Sovereignty and Inuit in the Canadian Arctic.” Arctic Council Indigenous Peoples Secretariat, 18 November 2006. http://www.arcticpeoples.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=83:sovereignty-and-inuit-in-the-canadian-arctic&Itemid=2

ITK. An Integrated Arctic Strategy. 2008. http://www.itk.ca/sites/default/files/Integrated-Arctic-Stratgey.pdf

Patricia A.L. Cochran, ICC Chair, on behalf of Inuit in Greenland, Canada, Alaska, and Chukotka. “Circumpolar Inuit Declaration on Arctic Sovereignty.” Adopted by the Inuit Circumpolar Council, April 2009. http://www.itk.ca/page/circumpolar-inuit-declaration-arctic-sovereignty

Supplemental readings

Paul Kaludjak, “The Inuit Are Here, Use Us.” Ottawa Citizen, 18 July 2007. A15.

Mary Simon, “Inuit: The Bedrock of Arctic Sovereignty.” Globe and Mail, 26 July 2007. A15.

oct-05-2010-militarization-arctic.

Terry Fenge, “Inuit and the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement: Supporting Canada’s Arctic Sovereignty.” Policy Options 29, no. 1 (2007–8): 84–88.

Timo Koivurova and Leena Heinamaki. “The Participation of Indigenous Peoples in International Norm-Making in the Arctic.” Polar Record 42, no. 221 (2006): 101–9.

Timo Koivurova, “Sovereign States and Self-Determining Peoples: Carving Out a Place for Transnational Indigenous Peoples in a World of Sovereign States.” International Community Law Review 12 (2010): 191–212.

http://www.arcticcentre.org/loader.aspx?id=48b8916c-27a8-4423-8093-0bbe3d87caaf

Ian Church, “Strategies for Ecosystem Security in the Arctic.” In Securing Canada’s Future in a Climate-Changing World. Ottawa: National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy, 2008. 102–115.

Betsy Baker, “Filling an Arctic Gap: Legal and Regulatory Possibilities for Canadian–U.S. Cooperation in the Beaufort Sea.” Vermont Law Review 34 (2009): 57-119. http://lawreview.vermontlaw.edu/articles/v34/1/baker.pdf

Suzanne Lalonde, “A Network of Marine Protected Areas in the Arctic: Promises and Challenges.” In Changes in the Arctic Environment and the Law of the Sea. Edited by M. Nordquist, J.N. Moore, and T.H. Heidar. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2010. 131–42.

9. The Arctic Council: The Need for Enhancement or Fundamental Reform? (Mar. 9)

Ed Struzik, “As the Far North Melts, Calls Grow for Arctic Treaty.” Yale Environment 360, 14 June 2010. http://e360.yale.edu/content/feature.msp?id=2281.

Timo Koivurova and David Vanderzwaag. “The Arctic Council at 10 Years: Retrospect and Prospects.” UBC Law Review 40, no. 1 (2007): 121–94.

http://law.dal.ca/Files/MEL_Institute/ArcticCouncilat10.pdf

Hans Corell, “Reflections on the Possibilities and Limitations of a Binding Legal Regime,” Environmental Policy and Law 37, no. 4 (2007), 321-324.

Rob Huebert and Brooks B. Yeager. A New Sea: The Need for a Cooperative Framework for Management and Conservation of the Arctic Marine Environment. Report for WWF. 22 January 2008. http://assets.panda.org/downloads/a_new_sea_jan08_final_11jan08.pdf.

Ilulissat Declaration. Adopted at the Arctic Ocean Conference hosted by the Government of Denmark and attended by the representatives of the five coastal states bordering on the Arctic Ocean (Canada, Denmark, Norway, the Russian Federation, and the US). Ilulissat, Greenland, 27–29 May 2008. http://www.oceanlaw.org/downloads/arctic/Ilulissat_Declaration.pdf

Supplemental readings

Hans Corell, “The Arctic: An Opportunity to Cooperate and Demonstrate Stewardship.” Address at a symposium of the Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 6 February 2009. http://law.vanderbilt.edu/publications/journal-of-transnational-law/archives/volume-42-number-4/download.aspx?id=4305.

Timo Koivurova and Erik J. Molenaar. International Governance and Regulation of the Marine Arctic: Overview and Gap Analysis. Oslo: World Wildlife Foundation, 2009. http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCUQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fassets.panda.org%2Fdownloads%2F3in1_final.pdf&ei=IBiBTpLjM6Hm0QH016h5&usg=AFQjCNF-G7HtM1yq-aSoetTkDvmojKR7RA .

Timo Koivurova, “Limits and Possibilities of the Arctic Council in a Rapidly Changing Scene of Arctic Governance.” Polar Record 46 (2009): 146–56. http://www.arcticcentre.org/loader.aspx?id=92004e10-77b6-4ce0-9c0c-0e31ad816bc7

10. Other Actors: The European Union and Asian States (Mar. 16)

Airoldi, Adele. The European Union and the Arctic: Policies and Actions. ANP 2008:729. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers, 2008. http://www.norden.org/da/publikationer/publikationer/2008-729/at_download/publicationfile.

Arctic Athabaskan Council (AAC). “Europe and the Arctic: A View from the Arctic Athabaskan Council.” Presentation to Nordic Council of Ministers, Arctic Conference: Common Concern for the Arctic, Ilulissat, Greenland, 9–11 September 2008. http://www.norden.org/sv/nordiska-ministerraadet/samarbetsministrarna-mr-sam/arktis/common-concern-for-the-arctic/europeiska-unionen-och-arktis/europe-and-the-arctic-a-view-from-the-arctic-athabaskan-council-aac-pdf.

Linda Jakobsen, China Prepares for an Ice-Free Arctic. Stockholm: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Insights on Peace and Security 2010/2. http://books.sipri.org/files/insight/SIPRIInsight1002.pdf

Supplemental readings

ITK/ICC. Press Release. “Inuit of Canada: European Union Knows Proposed Seal Ban Would Be Unlawful.” 27 March 2009. http://www.itk.ca/media-centre/media-releases/itkicc-press-release-inuit-canada-european-union-knows-proposed-seal-ban.

Timo Koivurova, “Canada, the EU and the Arctic Ocean Governance: A Tangled and Shifting Seascape and Future Directions.” Journal of Transnational Law and Policy 18, no. 2, (Spring 2010). 247-88. http://www.law.fsu.edu/journals/transnational/vol18_2/koivurova.pdf

“Japan Seeks Role in Arctic Council.” Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo), 20 April 2009. 3.

David Curtis Wright, “The Panda Bear Readies to Meet the Polar Bear: China and Canada’s Arctic Sovereignty Challenge.” Calgary: Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute, 2011. www.cdfai.org/PDF/The%20Panda%20Bear%20Readies%20to%20Meet%20the%20Polar%20Bear.pdf

11. National Strategies (Mar. 23)

Klaus Dodds, “We are a northern country: Stephen Harper and the Canadian Arctic,” Polar Record 47 (March 2010), 371-374. Available online through Primo

Lassi Heininen, Arctic Strategies and Priorities: Inventory and Comparative Study (Oslo: Northern Research Forum & University of Lapland, August 2011). http://www.nrf.is/images/stories/Hveragerdi/Arctic_strategies_6th_final.pdf

Rob Huebert, The United States Arctic Policy: The Reluctant Arctic Power. School of Public Policy Briefing Papers 2, no. 2. Calgary: University of Calgary, May 2009. http://policyschool.ucalgary.ca/sites/default/files/research/sppbriefing-huebertonline.pdf

Katarzyna Zysk, “Russia’s Arctic Strategy: Ambitions and Constraints.” Joint Force Quarterly 57, no. 2 (2010): 103–10. http://www.ndu.edu/press/lib/images/jfq-57/zysk.pdf

P.W. Lackenbauer, “Mirror Images? Canada, Russia, and the Circumpolar World.” International Journal 65, no. 4 (Autumn 2010): 879–97.

Supplemental readings

P. Whitney Lackenbauer, “Sovereignty, Security and Stewardship: An Update.” In Canada and the Changing Arctic: Sovereignty, Security and Stewardship (WLU Press, 2011). 225-51.

Special Issue, International Journal vol. 65, no. 4 (2010).

12. Ways Forward (Mar. 30) - seminar held at Balsillie School for International Affairs

Bernard W. Funston, “SDWG Report on Arctic Energy.” Sustainable Development Working Group, Arctic Council, 2008. http://arctic-council.org/workarea/the_arctic_meetings_tromso_april_2009/filearchive/sdwg_arcticenergyreport_2009.pdf.

Global Business Network (GBN). “The Future of Arctic Marine Navigation in Mid-Century.” Scenario narratives produced for the Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment (PAME) Working Group. May 2008. http://www.gbn.com/articles/pdfs/GBN_Future%20of%20Arctic%20Navigation%20Mid-century.pdf.

Econ. “Arctic Shipping 2030: From Russia with Oil, Stormy Passage,or Arctic Great Game?”. Oslo: Norshipping, 2007. http://www.econ.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?C=291&I=2347&D=2

Student Presentations

Course Requirements:

Seminar Participation 50%
Consistent attendance and participation in discussion by all students is necessary to the success of this seminar class. Students may not miss class except for illness, inclement weather, religious obligation, or compassionate reasons. If they are going to miss class, students must inform Dr. Manicom beforehand via email, unless this is not possible.

Research Paper (20-30 pages – grad; 15-20 pages - undergrad) 40%
The objective is to write a paper that makes an original contribution to the field of Arctic Governance, and that is of the caliber found in leading academic journals.

Research Presentation 10%
At the end of term, students must present their papers to the class as if they were presenting at an academic conference. One of the purposes of the presentation is to practice giving a paper. The other is to receive constructive peer review, which can then be used to improve the essay. Presentations should be no longer than fifteen (15) minutes in length.

Please Note:

Legibility of Assigned Material: All assigned material must be submitted double spaced, one side of page only, in legible Times Roman 12 font.

Extensions: There will be no extensions on assignments except for illness or severe personal extenuating circumstances. In the event of a weather emergency, students who cannot attend class will be expected to submit their assignments via email. Otherwise, three percent (3%) of the total possible mark will be deducted from assignments for each day they are late, not including weekends and holidays. Students whose religious holidays may interfere with fulfillment of the requirements for this course on the due dates are expected to notify Dr. Manicom or Dr. Lackenbauer of this fact by the second week of class.

Computer Failure: Students are expected to take account of the possibility of computer and/or printer failure in planning their time.

Cell phones, Laptops etc.: Students are expected to turn off their cell phones, blackberries, and other electronic equipment during class, except during emergencies; in case of emergency, students must alert Dr. Lackenbauer and/or Dr. Manicom before class that they are obliged to leave on their equipment. Laptops and notepads are to be used only to make notes on class discussions, or for quick research when requested by the course conveners.

University Rules: Students will be expected to adhere to University of Waterloo rules regarding academic dishonesty, religious holidays, and accommodations for disabilities.

Academic Integrity

Academic Integrity: In order to maintain a culture of academic integrity, members of the
University of Waterloo are expected to promote honesty, trust, fairness, respect and responsibility.

Discipline: A student is expected to know what constitutes academic integrity, to avoid committing academic offences, and to take responsibility for his/her actions. A student who is unsure whether an action constitutes an offence, or who needs help in learning how to avoid offences (e.g., plagiarism, cheating) or about “rules” for group work/collaboration should seek guidance from the course professor, academic advisor, or the Undergraduate Associate Dean. When misconduct has been found to have occurred, disciplinary penalties will be imposed under Policy 71 – Student Discipline. For information on categories of offenses and types of penalties, students should refer to Policy 71 - Student Discipline, http://www.adm.uwaterloo.ca/infosec/Policies/policy71.htm.

Grievance: A student who believes that a decision affecting some aspect of his/her university life has been unfair or unreasonable may have grounds for initiating a grievance. Read Policy 70 - Student Petitions and Grievances, Section 4, http://www.adm.uwaterloo.ca/infosec/Policies/policy70.htm.

Appeals: A student may appeal the finding and/or penalty in a decision made under Policy 70 - Student Petitions and Grievances (other than regarding a petition) or Policy 71 – Student Discipline if a ground for an appeal can be established. Read Policy 72 - Student Appeals, http://www.adm.uwaterloo.ca/infosec/Policies/policy72.htm.

Academic Integrity website (Arts):
http://arts.uwaterloo.ca/arts/ugrad/academic_responsibility.html.

Academic Integrity Office (University): http://uwaterloo.ca/academicintegrity/

Accommodation for Students with Disabilities: Note for students with disabilities:
The Office for Persons with Disabilities (OPD), located in Needles Hall, Room 1132, collaborates with all academic departments to arrange appropriate accommodations for students with disabilities without compromising the academic integrity of the curriculum. If you require academic accommodations to lessen the impact of your disability, please register with the OPD at the beginning of each academic term.